Anchor



' walls,

Patented July 28," 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT: OFFICE ALBERT JONESI-I'UTCHIiNGS, OF ALLSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO 0. A. C'lll'lT-NINGHAM 00., OF. BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS A CORPORATIONOF MASSACHUSETTSANCHOR Application area February 2 ,1929. Serial No. 342,926. 1

:The present invention relates to anchors, and more particularly todevices adapted to :be anchored to the walls of buildings for thepurpose of safeguarding window cleaners against accidentally falling tothe ground when cleaning windows from outside the building. 7

Window cleaners are accustomed to wear safety belts to which are secureda rope or ropes the ends of which are provided with terminals that arereadily secured to, andreleased from, the above-mentioned anchors.Different kinds of anchors are employed in accordance with the nature ofthe building wall near the windows,o'ne kind, for' ex ample, for woodenwalls, another for brick and others for stone, marble, concrete or othermasonry walls (which will hereinafter, for brevity, be referred to underthe single word stone Great difliculties have been experienced withanchors intended for use upon stone building walls. This is because theanchors must be embedded either in the cracks between the-stones orwithin holes drilled in thestones, In the former case, the choice ispractically limited to horizontal cracks,'be cau'se vertical cracksare'very few near a window; and in the latter case, no

satisfactory way has yet been found! for mounting an "anchor securelysafety, and it is obvious that a weak anchor,

upon whichreli'ance isplaced, is worse than none at'all.

A very" effective anchor bolt, particularly adapted for use with-stonebuilding walls, using the'term stone as defined above, is

disclosed in patent to Cunningham No.

1,574,471 of February 23, 1926. The object of the present invention istoimprove upon the anchor bolt of the said patent. With'this end inview,-the invention consists of the improved anchor-a preferredembodimentof which ishereinafter described, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings and definedin the appended claims.

drawings, Fig. 1 is a of a stone wall, showing a preferred anchor inposition; Fig. 2 1s a horizontal secenoughin a "drilled hole to ensurethe windowcleaners of the inner areprovided with wooden beadingsparticularly where the beading projections 24 are situated as close its.anchorage through. the

tion of the same; Fig.3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2 of. amodification; and Fig.

4 is an elevation of the modification shown in Fig. 3. V

In Figs. 1 and 2, an'anchor constructed in accordance with a preferredembodiment of "the present invention is shown embedded in the mortar 21between two stones 2 and 4 of a 1 stone building wall. The anchorcomprisesa bolt arm..6 having two substantially parallel bolts 8 and 10disposed in substantially ver tical alinement and projecting from thebolt arm at right angles to the bolt arm. The bolts 8 and 10 haveboltheads joined to the bolt arm 6 by necks 30 and 32, respectively. Thebolt arm 6 is of dimensions substantially greater than the thickness ofthe mortar 21, as illustrated, and lies fiat against the stones of thewall, and the bolts 8. and10 are positioned one on each side ofv themortar, as shown.

Two of these anchor bolts are, in practice, positionedone on each sideof thewindow, and theterminals of the ropes from the window cleanersbelt are adapted'to 'be fastened to the bolts 8 and 10 of each anchor.The lower bolts 10 are adapted to sustain the window cleaner .while atwork, and the upper bolts 8 are adaptedto carry'his weight in case heshould slip orfall.

An anchor arm 12 projects from the bolt arm in a plane at right anglesto the plane surface 22 of the bolt arm and abouthalfway between thebolts 8. and 1O. Inthose types of .stone building walls that 24, and

to the surface 15 of the wall as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it isnaturally desirable to locate the anchor bolts as far awayfrom thesurface 15 as" possible, to reduce the chance of the anchor boltloosening its hold upon the mortar and surface "15. The anchor arm 12is,'therefore, caused to extend out, from the bolt arm 6, in the saidplane, at an angle to the inner surface 22 of the boltarm 6, so that thefree extremity 14of the anchor arm 12 maybe embedded in the mo!- tar ata point further away from the-surface 15 than the other extremity oftheanchor pulling. out of arm. The anchor arm 12, in its preferredembodiment, is flat and tapers from the point Where it joins the boltarm to the said free extremity 14. If the anchor arm 12 were of the samewidth throughout, in the form of a wide, flat member, it would weakenthe holding action, because decreasing the quantity of mortar that wouldbe available to hold the anchor arm in place. The tapering construction,besides being more economical thanwould. bean arm of eqn al width through.-. out, provides great strength where the anchor arm is wider, at thejoint between the bolt arm 6 and the anchor arm 12, without weak: eningthe holding power at the free extremity 14 of the anchor arm. The saidfree extremity is provided with an upstanding projection. 16, parallelto the inner surface 22 of the bolt arm 6. A projection 20, at rightangles. to the projection 16, is. disposed intermediately of the anchorarm. The anchor arm is adapted tobe placed in position in. the mo tar 2between. t e stones 2; d 4: befo the stoneshave-been. laid in. place,duringthe erection. of the building. The projections. 16 and 20,.respectively, resist displacing forces I in. directions parallel and atright angles. to

need n t o. particulars. tendency for the; bolts 8; and 10 to becomecanned tow rdseachvother. andont. of, c ntact the said inner. surface22.. Two projections 16 and 20 are quite sufficient, since itis; found,in practice, that the use of too,many projections has a tendency toweaken, rather than strengthen, the anchoring effect, because, as thereis so. thin! a layer of mortar between the stones, a multiplication ofprojections decreases the quantity of mortar employed and thereforeweakens the joint. as. a whole. The stability is further increased bythe inner surface 22 of. the bolt arm 6 lying flat against the stones oneach. side of the mortar, as shown. The projections, 16. and 20 may becaused. to. engage against sides of the bricks in the case of brickwalls.

For the reasons before given, the bolt arm 6 is positioned as far aspossible away from the surface 15,,thatis, with the side 25,, that is.disposed inqthe. direction of extension of the anbhor arm 12, incontactwith, the beadiing 2t. Under such circumstances, the bolts 8 and;10 015 anchor bolts. atpresent in. use are close to. the heading 24 asto prevent free access to. the bolts,and thus to interfere withwindow-cleaners slipping the terminals of his belt on. and off the bolts8 and 1O. Such interference. is. particularly dangerous, as it mightresultin the win dow" cleaner losing his footing and pliniging to theground. The

bo1ts8. and 10 are, therefore, positioned near the other, side 27 of thebolt. arm 6, as illustnated. This.avoidsthenecessity of cutting the; l

By. reason of such, decentering of the, bolts sa d 1 how neat e e armbecm s. eak- F r h re. is. a

with the building wall. Secondly, there is a tendency for the bolts 8and 10 to. become snapped off from the bolt arm 6, in the direction ofthe arrow of Fig. 2. To resist these tendencies, two strengthening ribs26 and 28 project out from the bolt arm, the former longitudinallyconnectingthe bolts 8 and 10, and the latter disposed transverselyacross the bolt arm. The rib 26 integrally connects the necks 80 and 32of the bolts 8 and 10, re spectively', and merges into the inner ends-ofthe necks, as illustrated. It resists strains set up in the bolt arm bypulling forces exertedupon. the bolt armin a direction outward of thebolt arm. The rib 28 resists strains set up; in the bolt arm by pullingforces exerted upon the bolts in a direction transverse to the bolt arm,as. indicated by the arrow of Fig. 2. A very effective, yet economicalconstruction is thus provided.

In cases-where-steel walls 3& are employed. the anchor arm 12 may beeliminated, and the bolt arm 6 widened out to provide screw eyes36. asshown in Fig. 1.

It willlbe obvious to personsskilled in; the art that changes mayreadily be efllected without departing from the spirit, of the: invention, a; preferred embodiment of which has been illustrated anddescribed. All such changees and modifications are desired to beincluded within the scope of theappended claims.

What is claimed is:

i 1., An anchor comprising a; bolt arm adapted to be secured to abuilding wall, two

necks. carried by the bolt arm and projecting out f'romfthe bolt armandvertically disposed one above the other when the anchor is securedto;the building wall, a bolt head carrier at the outer end of each. neck,ands;

strengthening rib projectingout from the bolt arm and longitudinallyconnectingthe necks and merging into; the inner ends of. .the necks, thestrengthening ribbeing; adapted to resist strains set. upin,-v theboltarm. by;

pulling forces exertedupon the; bolts. in a direction of the bolt arm.-

2. An anchorcomprising a, bolt arm adapted to be secured to abuilding'wall with one side. of the bolt arm in, contact with aprojectionv of the building wall, two. bolts carried by the bolt arm atthe other side of the bolt arm and vertically disposed one above theotherwhen the-anchor is secured to the building wall, wherebyfree accessmay he had to. the bolts without interference by the projection, astrengthening rib longitudinally connecting the bolts and projectingoutfromthe bolt arm for resisting strains set up in the bolt arm bypulling forces exerted upon. the boltsin: a direction ou w of the; boltarm, a .nd a; strengthening.r ib,disposed transversely across the bolt;arm, for resisting strains. set upin. the bolt, arm;

pulling forces exerted upon the bolts in a direction transverse to thebolt arm.

8. An anchor comprising a an anchor arm extending at an angle from thebolt arm, the anchor arm being of dimensions such that it is adapted tobe embedded substantially horizontally in the mortar of a building wall,the bolt arm being of dimensions substantially greater than thethickness of the mortar, whereby the bolt arm is adapted to engageagainst the build ing wall with the side of the bolt arm in thedirection of extension of the anchor arm contacting with a projection ofthe building wall, two bolts carried by the bolt arm at the other sideof the bolt arm, whereby free access may be had to the bolts withoutinterference by the projection, one of the bolts being adapted to bepositioned above the mortar and the other below the mortar, a

strengthening rib longitudinally connecting the bolts and projecting outfrom the bolt arm for resisting strains set up in the bolt arm bypulling forces exerted upon the bolts in a direction outward of the boltarm, and a strengthening rib disposed transversely across the bolt armfor resisting strains set up in the bolt arm by pulling forces exertedupon the bolts in a direction transverse to the bolt arm.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

ALBERT JONES HUTCHINGS.

bolt arm and

